Jaishankar Prasad, a most celebrated personality related to the modern Hindi literature and Hindi theatre, was born at 30^th January in the year 1889 and died at 14^th January in the year 1937. He was a great Indian poet, novelist and dramatist, born in the simple madheshiya Teli Vaisya family of the Varanasi, UP, India. His father (named Babu Devki Prasad, also called as the Sunghani Sahu) has his own business related to the tobacco dealing.

Jaishankar Prasad had to face some financial problems in his family as he has lost his father in his young age. Because of such financial problems, he could not study further than 8^th class. However, he was so keen to know many languages, past histories and Hindi literature, that’s why he continued his study at home. As he continued his study, he was influenced much from the Vedas which imitated him in the deep philosophical rival.

He has started writing poetry from his very early age. He was also fond of playing chess and doing gardening work at his home. He was interested in the Vedas to a great extent which influenced him extremely for writing his own poetry, plays, stories and novels. He has written his first book of poem collections known as the Chitraadhar in the Braj vernacular of Hindi which was widely used in Uttar Pradesh state at that time. His poems were liked too much by the people as they were heart touching, soft, simple language and emotional.

He had paid much attention towards the language of poems as well as the philosophic content. That’s why he is known as a world-class Hindi litterateur, philosopher and great writer. He wrote his poetry in a range of varieties from the romantic to the patriotic. His most prominent patriotic poem of his career is known as the ‘Himadri Tung Shring Se’ which he had written before the independence of country from the British.

He spent his middle career of his life by writing the novels, plays and poetries. He got himself exceedingly influenced by the Sanskrit and other languages related to the Sanskrit. He had written his some of the dramas in the Persian and Bengali languages.

Career

He has written his first poetry (known as the Chitradhar collection) into Braj language but soon after he has changed writing language to the Khadi and Sanskrit. He has started writing dramas into the Sanskrit language but later he has started writing dramas into the Bengali as well as Persian languages. Some of the famous dramas written by him are Chandragupta, Skandagupta and Dhruvaswamini.

He is the famous personality in the field of Hindi literature and Hindi theatre. He was the one who make the world romantic with his great and heart touching writings. He had mixed up the art and philosophy in his writings. He has chosen the title of his writings of different names which ranges from the romantic to the nationalistic. Through his great writings, he had described the essence of the classical Hindi poetry. ‘Himadri Tung Shring Se’ is the nationalistic poem written by him, became famous in the market which lead him to won so many awards in the period of Indian independence movement. Kamayani is another written poem by him which was also the best creation of him.

He has shown the life history of many great personalities and stories of the ancient India through his Dramas and other writings. His written dramas were proved to be the most pioneering ones in the Hindi. Around 1960s, his plays were selected by the ancient Indian Drama’s Professor, Shanta Gandhi for the modern Indian theatre. He has written the Skandagupta, his most important writing in the year 1928.

He also has written the many interesting short stories, titles of which are ranges from the historical to the mythological related to both contemporary and social. One of his short stories named, Mamta described the motherly love and the story of the Mughal Badshah. Another short story is the Chhota jadugar tells the life history of the child who has learned to earn the money by performing with small toys on the streets.

• Kanan kusum (means the Forest Flower)
• Jharna (means the Waterfall)
• Chitraadhar
• Lahar
• Himadri Tung Shring Se
• Maharana ka mahatva
• Bharat Mahima
• Kamayani (an epic about the Manu and the flood) in the year 1935
• Ek ghunṭ (means a sip)
• Ansu
• Woman, you are love incarnated
• Aatmkathya
• Prayaangeet
• Prem pathik
• Beetee Vibhaavaree Jaag Ree
• Kaamaayani – Lajja parichhed
• Kaamaayani – Nirved
• Mahakavya
• Kamana
• Chitradhar
• Aah! Vedana Mili Vidai
• Do Bunde
• Tum Kanak Kiran
• Arun Yah Madhumay Desh Hamara
• Sab Jivan Bita Jata Hai

• Skandagupta (history of an Emperor Skandagupta) in the year 1928
• Chandragupta (history of an Emperor Chandragupta Maurya)
• Kamna
• Karunalaya
• Ajaatshatru
• Dhruvasvamini, Janmejay ka nag yajna, Rajyashri (the Royal Bliss)
• Taskiyya
• Parinaya
• Rajyashri
• Samudragupta
• Praayashchit

• Pratinidhi Kahaniyan
• Prasad Ka Sampooran Kavya
• Prasad Ke Sampurn Natak Avam Ekanki
• Ajatshatru
• Prasad Ke Sampooran Upanyas
• Janmejay Ka Naag Yagya
• Kavya Aur Kala Tatha Anya Nibhandh
• Marusthal Tatha Anya Kahaniyan
• Andhi
• Ati Prachin Bharat
• Charchit Kahaniyan-Jaishankar Prasad
• Indarjaal
• Jaishankar Prasad Kaljayi Kahaniyan
• Jaishankar Prasad Ki Lokpriya Kahaniyan
• Jaishankar Prasad Ki Rochak Kahaniyan
• Jaishankar Prasad Ki Sarvshreshtha Kahanian
• Jaishankar Prasad Ki Yadgari Kahaniyan
• Karuna Ki Vijay
• Paap Ki Prajay
• Jaishankar Prasad Granthawali

• Chaya
• Akashdeep
• Mamta
• Bandi
• Pratidhvani
• Madhuva
• Indrajal
• Chota jadugar
• Aṃdhi
• Puraskaar

The Kamayani is a great and most popular poetry written by the Jaishanker Prasad. Kamayani is one of his best poem collections in the Hindi language. Kamayani is a mahakabya which is still liked by the poem lovers. This poem is written by him by mixing the knowledge, need and action which are the basic elements of the human life. The poem describes the history, culture evolution and the legendary story of the great flood through the characters like Manu, Ida and Shradha. When Kamayani was published in the year 1935, it has received a lot of popularity and critical appreciations by the people.

• 1889: Born on 30^th January.
• 1915: First significant drama written by him known as ‘Rajyasri’.
• 1928: Famous play written by him known as ‘Skandagupta’.
• 1935: The long poem written by him named ‘Kamayani’ was published.
• 1937: Died on 14^th January.
• 1960: One of his written plays was staged at The National School of Drama.

Related Information

Kabir Das

Tulsidas

Annie Besant

Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya

Acharya Pandit Ramchandra Shukla

Lal Bahadur Shastri

Ravidas

Dr. Sampuranand

Munshi Premchand

Hajari Prasad Dwivedi

Bhartendu Harishchandra

Holi is a festival of colors which brings a lot of happiness, joy and makes everyone’s life more colorful. People enjoy the festival of holi every year in the Varanasi city and all around the country to have great joy. Holi is the indication of advent of spring season where everyone flooding out on the street to rejoice together this great occasion without having a little bit tension of their economical status.

The main day of the holi festival is celebrated in many regions by a number of names called as Dhuli (Sanskrit name), Dhulandi, Dhulendi and Dhulheti. People make a heap of the wood and burn that heap indicating the burning Holika (Holika Dahan) with the Prahlad. Devotees make a prayer at that place and hug each other to offer respect and enjoy festival. People then apply the ash (from burned Holika) on their forehead. Next morning to the Holika Dahan, people enjoy holi by applying the colors to each other. People go to everyone’s home to meet them, apply tilak, and distribute sweets which indicate that there is no conflict among them at the great occasion of the holi. Holi is rejoiced at the closing stage of the winter season at the full moon day of Phalguna means February/March. Holi lovers enjoy holi in many ways, they through balloon (filled with colors) to each other; some of them apply the color directly to them and someone uses pichkari to through the liquid color.

Holi 2023

Holi 2023 would be celebrated at Wednesday on 8th of March with the great joy and enthusiasm in India. The coming year Holi will bring a lot of happiness, joy and new expectations in everyone’s life.

History of Holi

Holi, a religious Hindu festival celebrated all over the India by people with a great joy and enthusiasm. Earlier, it was celebrated in India and Nepal only. But, currently it is celebrated almost all the corners of India and other countries as well. It is also enjoyed by the name of Pagwah at some places in India. The significance of the holi festival is very special for the people of Braj region, which is customarily linked to the Lord Krishna, Radha, Mathura, Nandagaon, Vrindavan, and Barsana. These places in India have become most famous tourist destinations during whole season of the year.

Significance of the Holi Festival

There is a great reason behind celebrating the holi festival by the people of Hindu religion. In Vaishnavism, there was a famous demon king named, Hiranyakashyap. He was very strong demon and did a hard ‘Tap’ in order to make happy to Lord Brahma for granting a boon. He was successful in doing so and made sure from the Lord Brahma that he will never be killed by any man, woman or animal, not by astra or shastra, not in a day or night, not inside or outside, not on the earth or in the sky and many more. Lord Brahma was very happy with his hard ‘Tap’ and had given him such type of boon. By getting such a boon, he became very powerful in the whole universe and won the Heaven as well as Earth. He ordered the human beings to stop worshipping Gods otherwise he will kill them. He forced people to start worshipping only him, as he was the only God (according to him).

He had a son, named Prahlada, a devotee of the Lord Vishnu. By seeing the worship of the Prahlad towards Lord Vishnu, Hiranyakashyap became very angry and forced him to not to worship the Lord Vishnu and worship his own father. Prahlad was very daring boy, he never frightened with his father and continued worshipping the Lord Vishnu. Hiranyakashyap had started puzzling his son by poisoning, trampling with elephant, keeping him hungry, biting with the poisonous snake, frying him in the boiled oil, but Prahlada was remained unscratched of those. All the attempts of the Hiranyakashyap were being failed and he became angrier than before.

At last, he ordered his demoness sister named ‘Holika’ to sit in the fire by having Prahlad in her lap. She was booned by the Lord that she will never get damaged from the fire. So, she did what she had ordered by his brother, Hiranyakashyap. Prahlada was continued worshipping the Lord Vishnu even sitting in the fire in the lap of the Holika. How embarrassing that event was, but there happened an amazing scene. Prahlad was completely unharmed by the fire but Hiolika got died by burning with the fire. That day, means the liberation of the Prahlad and fiery of the Holika, is renowned as the Holi festival every year.

After all, Hiranyakashyap was killed by the Narasimha (considered as the embodiment of the Lord Vishnu, not a man or animal) by His nails (not by astra or shastra), at the chaukhat (not inside or outside, not in the sky or earth), in the Godhuli time (not in a day or night).

There is another reason also to celebrate holi in the Hinduism. Mathura, the birth place of the Lord Krishna where he grew up and met with the Radha. The holi festival is enjoyed by the Mathuravasi for 16 days till Rangpanchmi (the fifth full moon day after Panchami) to commemorate the great love of the Radha and Krishna.

Some more reasons are:

• Holi is celebrated to enjoy the occurrence of the new season.
• Holi is celebrated to enjoy the new harvests as well as the fertile land.
• People welcome spring season with the colors and say goodbye to the winter.

Holi Songs

Holi lowers are generally used to of the holi songs at least 15 days before and 15 days after the main date of the holi. At the day of holi, there is no gap between any age, status, gender as well as caste. Everybody enjoy holi without any strictness and the whole environment become fill with the great enthusiasm, fun and joy. People apply abir to each other on the forehead. Youngers take ashirvaad from the elders.

People, in the Barsana, Uttar Pradesh play a most famous and unique type of holi known as the lath mar holi in a very big compound of the Radha Rani temple. There is a special process in the lath mar holi, men are beaten by the women through sticks and women sing the holi songs as well as shout Sri Radhey or Sri Krishna in between the song. This event takes place in front of the thousands of witness.

People in Mathura and Vrindavan celebrate holi in very traditional custom specially by worshipping the Lord Krishna. They enjoy holi for sixteen days. A Ganga mela and holi mela takes place in Kanpur at the occasion of holi. Holi Milan event performed at the evening of holi in which a group of people visit house of their friends in order to put across their thankfulness by applying abir.

There is a variety of holi with different names which are played in many areas of India. Some of are:

• Kumauni holi
• Baithki holi or Nirvan Ki holi
• Khari holi
• Mahila holi

Holi Festival in Varanasi

Holi is celebrated in Varanasi with the great fervor and enthusiasm. Holika lovers celebrate holi with the name Phagva. In the night of Phalgun Poornima, people in Varanasi burn woods and dung cakes in heap. They roast the Jau grain in that fire and make a tilak on their forehead with the Holika ash. Just before the Holika Dahan (evening of Holika Dahan), people from all the home get massage of their whole body with the ripe mustard ubtan and burn the remains from body (ubtan waste) in the Holika. It is considered that, doing so body becomes free from all the ailments and diseases for the whole year.

People accumulate at the time of Holika Dahan and eldest person of the group or purohit start burning the Holika. They make a pray and greet each other by applying abir on the forehead. Some children of the group enjoy firing crackers in front of the Holika. Next day of the Holika Dahan is celebrated as the holi with the multiple colors, abirs etc. They also enjoy bhang with the delicious pakoras and thandai to fully rejoice the festival. Sweets distribution and greetings process takes place in the evening. Children and youths play colors whole day with the extreme pleasure at this festival. Some people also use mud in place of colors. Some people sing the Folk songs and dance in the evening at the tune of dholak and harmonium.

Preparations for the Holi

People prepare themselves for the big festival Holi at least one month earlier. They do whitewashing of their home, cleaning of the house, decorate their house and purchase some big things to make the holi festival memorable. They make purchasing of the clothes for every member of the house, sweets, colors, abir, pichkari etc. Children purchase balloon, colors, abir, gulal, gun, variety of crackers and many more things necessary for the holi celebration. They also make aloo papad, chips, gughiya, namkin, mathri, dahi bade, pani puri, lassi, thandhai, bhang and a variety of dishes at home to make their holi celebration special. Most of the people celebrate holi by eating dishes of the non-vage.

Is Holi Must to Play

It is considered that the end of the winter (when weather changes from cold to spring) brings a lot of problems such as viral fever, cold, cough etc to children as well as elders. It is must to play the holi with colors as it has many types of medicinal effects. Colors are made up of the flowers of Dhak or Palash, Neem, Haldi, Bilva, Kumkum and many more medicinal herbs (advised by the ayurvedic doctors). So, playing holi with the natural colors is totally safe and beneficial.

Precautions for the Holi 2015

Currently, people celebrate holi using the synthetic colors which are made up of the chemically created industrial dyes and slowly the natural colors are reinstated with the synthetic colors. Synthetic colors cause mild or severe skin or eye irritation, inflammation of skin, asthma, eye allergies, puffiness of the eyes as well as can cause even temporary blindness. A long ago, people were celebrating holi in completely safe manner by using natural colors such as the turmeric, extracts of flowers and leaves, sandalwood powder, etc. Never use health impacting colors for example concentrated colors can cause dermatitis.

Such a fearful reports about the health has stimulated the society to promote the natural and safe holi celebration. The Clean India campaign is a campaign in which children make colors themselves for their Holi celebration. In the meantime, the National Botanical Research Institute (a commercial company) has started to market the herbal dyes to make the holi safe.

Lessen the environmental impact as well to lessen the deforestation by less expenditure of the wood at the occasion of holi. We can replace wood with the other material as well as burn only one Holika as per the community instead of burning more than one Holika for the single community. Synthetic colors also involve with the water pollution as well as the wastage of water in major quantity.

Legend of the Holi

Various legends are associated with the grand Hindu festival, holi. The leading legend of the holi festival is demon King Hiranyakashyap who understood himself a God and ordered to people on the earth to worship him. Even he had tried all the attempt on his own son, Prahlad to get worshipped himself but he denied as Prahlad knows his God is only the Lord Vishnu. Finally, he took help of his sister, Holika and ordered her to sit in the fire with the Prahlad in her lap. By the blessings of Lord Vishnu, Prahlad was totally undamaged from the fire but Holika got died. People celebrate that day every year by the name Holika Dahan which indicates the victory of the truth of over the false.

It is also believed that people celebrate holi festival to remember the pure love of the Lord Krishna and Radha.

Another myth about celebrating the holi is, when Lord Shiva had ruined Kamadeva, who later was given his life for his wife Rati. But, he was given his life only as a mental image. It is considered that holi is celebrated for that event as well.

Kabir Das Jayanti

It is considered that the great poet, Saint Kabir Das, was born in the month of Jyestha on Purnima in the year 1440. That’s why Saint Kabir Das Jayanti or birthday anniversary is celebrated every year with great enthusiasm by his followers and loved ones on the Purnima of Jyestha that lies in the month of May and June.

Kabir Das Jayanti 2023

Kabir Das Jayanti 2023 was celebrated all over India as well as abroad by his followers on the 4^th of June, Sunday.

Das Kabir Das, a mystical poet and great Saint of India, was born in the year 1440 and died in 1518. According to Islam, the meaning of the Kabir is something very big and great. Kabir Panth is a huge religious community that identifies Kabir as the originator of the Sant Mat sects. The members of Kabir Panth are known as the Kabir panthis who had extended all over the north and central India. Some of the great writings of the Kabir Das are Bijak, Kabir Granthawali, Anurag Sagar, Sakhi Granth, etc. It is clearly not known about his birth but it is noted that he was raised by a very poor Muslim weavers family. He was very spiritual and became a great Sadhu. He got fame all over the world because of his influential traditions and culture.

It is considered that he got all his spiritual training from his Guru named, Ramananda, in his early childhood. One day, he became a well-known disciple of guru Ramananda. Kabir Das house has been accommodated for students and scholars for living and studying his great works.

There is no clue of the birth parent of the Kabir Das as he was founded in Lehartara, a small town in Varanasi by the Niru and Nima (his caretaker parents). His parents were extremely poor and uneducated but they heartily adopted the little baby and trained him about their own business. He lived a balanced life of a simple householder and a mystic.

It is believed that he received his spiritual lessons from Guru Ramananda of Sant Kabir. Initially, Ramananda did not agree to consider Kabir Das his disciple. Once upon a time, Saint Kabir Das was lying on the steps of a pond and was reciting the mantra of Rama-Rama, Ramananda was going to bathe in the morning and Kabir came under his feet. Ramanand felt guilty for that activity and Kabir Das ji urged him to accept him as his student. It is believed that Kabir’s family still lives in Kabir Chaura, Varanasi.

Kabir Matha

Kabir matha is located at the Kabir Chaura, Varanasi, and Lahartara, Varanasi in the back passageways where saints are busy singing Kabir Ke Dohe. It is the place of giving real education of life to the people. Neeru teela was the house of his parents the Neeru and Neema. Now it has become the accommodation for students and scholars who study Kabir’s work.

Philosophies

Sant Kabir was prejudiced by the existing religious mood of that time like Hinduism, Tantrism, as well as the personal devotion, was mixed with the imageless God of Islam. Kabir Das is the first Indian saint who has coordinated Hinduism and Islam by giving a universal path that could be followed by both Hindus and Muslims. According to him, every life has a relationship with two spiritual principles (Jivatma and Paramatma). His view about the moksha was it is the process of uniting these two divine principles.

His great work Bijak has a huge collection of poems that shows Kabir’s general view of spirituality. Kabir’s Hindi was a dialect, simple like his philosophies. He simply followed the unity in God. He has always rejected the murti pujan in Hinduism and shown clear confidence in bhakti and Sufi ideas.

His Poetry

He had composed the poems in a concise and simple style resonating with the admiration of a factual guru. Although being illiterate he had written his poems in Hindi, mixing some other languages like Avadhi, Braj, and Bhojpuri. Although many people insulted him he never gave attention to others.

Legacy

All the poems and songs credited to the Sant Kabir exist in several languages. Kabir and his followers are named according to his poetic response such as banis and utterances. The poems are called dohe, shloka, and Sakhi. Sakhi means to be memorized and to remind the highest Truth. The memorizing, performing, and pondering over these utterances comprises for the Kabir and all his followers a way to the spiritual awakening.

Siddhapeeth Kabirchaura Math Mulgadi and his Tradition:

Kabirchaura Math Mulgadi is the home, historical work place and meditation place of the Saint-Shiromani Kabir Das. He was the only saint of his type, known as the “Sab Santan Sartaj”. It is considered as the history of humanity is worthless without Kabirchaura Math Mulgadi just like all the saints are valueless without Saint Kabir. Kabirchaura Math Mulgadi has its own affluent traditions and effective history. It is the home of Kabir as well as the courageous Vidyapeeth for all the saints. The Indian saints of the Madhyakalin India got their spiritual education from this place. It has been proved in the history of human tradition that it is not necessary to go to the Himalayas for deep meditation, but it can be done by living in the society. Kabir Das himself was the ideal indication of this. He is the real indication of the Bhakti, living together with the normal human being life. He showed the way of free Bhakti to the people instead of worshiping stone.

The used things of the Kabir as well as other saints of his tradition are still kept safe and secure in the Kabir Math. The weaving machine, khadau, rudraksha garland (got from his Guru Swami Ramanand), rust-free trident, and all the other things used by the Kabir are available at the Kabir Math.

Historical well:

A historical well is here at the Kabir Math, the water of which is considered as mixed with the Amrit Ras of his Sadhana. It was first guessed by the great Pandit Sarvanand from the south India. He came here for arguing with the Kabir and felt thirsty. He drunk water and ask for address of Kabir from the kamali. Kamali told him the address but in but in the form of dohe of Kabir Das.

Kabir ka ghar sikher par, jahan silhili gal.

Pav na tikai pipil ka, pandit lade bal.

He went to the Kabir for arguing but Kabir never got ready for it and accepted his defeat in a written form and gave it to Sarvanand. Sarvanand returned his home and showed that paper of defeat to his mother and suddenly he saw that the statement turned just opposite. He was greatly influenced by that truth and again returned to the Kashi to the Kabir Math and became the disciple of the Kabir das. He was influenced by such a great level that he never touched any book for the rest of his life. Later, Sarvanand became famous as Acharya Surtigopal Sahab. He became the head of the Kabir Math after Kabir.

How to reach:

Siddhapeeth Kabirchaura Math Mulgadi is located in the famous cultural city of India known as Varanasi. One can reach the place by airlines, railway lines or by road. It is located about 18 Km from the Varanasi Airport and about 3 Km from the Varanasi Junction Railway Station.

Kashi Naresh came here to get a Pardon:

Once upon a time, the Kashi Naresh, Raja Virdev Singh Ju Dev came to the Kabir Math with his wife to get a pardon by leaving his kingdom. The history is: once, Kashi King once called all the saints to his kingdom as he heard a lot about Kabir das. Kabir das reached alone with his small water pot. He poured all the water from the small pot on his legs, the small amount of water started flowing on the ground for a long way and the entire kingdom filled with water, so Kabir was asked about that. He said that a devotee panda, in Jagannathpui, was cooking food in his hut which caught fire.

The water which I poured, was for protecting the hut from being fired. The fire was serious so it was very necessary to get more water from the small bottle. But the King and his followers never accepted that statement and they wanted a real witness. They thought that the fire was caught in the Orissa city and Kabir is pouring water here in the Kashi. The King sent one of his followers for the investigation. The follower returned and told that all the statement of Kabir was true. The king felt very sorry and he and his wife decided to go to the Kabir math to get a pardon. They decided to suicide if they didn’t get a pardon. They got a pardon and from that day the King also became a miserable member of Kabirchaura Math.

Samadhi Mandir:

Samadhi Mandir is constructed at the place where Kabir was used to doing his Sadhana. The journey from Sadhana to Samadhi is considered when a saint visits this place. Even today, it is the place where saints feel a lot of unseen positive energy. This place is famous worldwide for peace and energy. It is considered that, after his death, people were quarreling about taking his body for the Antim Sanskar. But, when the door was opened of his Samadhi room, there were only two flowers, which were distributed among his Hindu Muslim disciples for the Antim Sanskar. The Samadhi Mandir is constructed using the strong bricks of the Mirzapur.

Bijak Mandir at Kabir Chabutara:

This place was the workplace as well as the sadhanasthal of the Kabir das. This is the place where he had given the knowledge of Bhakti, Gyan, Karma, and Manavta to his disciples. The place was named Kabir Chabutara. Bijak was the great work of the Kabir Das, that’s why the Kabir Chabutara was named as Bijak Mandir.

Kabir teri jhopadi, galkatto ke pas.

Jo karega so bharega, tum kyon hot udas.

Saint Kabir Das, a Bhakti and Sufi movement saint of medieval India, is extensively for his Bhakti movement in North India. His life cycle is centered in the region of Kashi (also known as the Banaras or Varanasi). He was related to the weaving occupation and cast of Julaha. His immense contribution towards the Bhakti Movement in India is considered as a pioneered one along with the Farid, Ravidas, and Namdev. He was a saint of combined mystical nature (Nath tradition, Sufism, bhakti) which made him of a distinctive religion of his own. He said that the path of suffering is the real love and life.

In the fifteenth century, people in Varanasi were strongly influenced by the Brahmin orthodoxy as well as learning centers. Kabir Das worked hard to preach his ideology as he belonged to the low caste, Julaha, and made people realize that we all are human. He never felt difference among the people whether they are prostitutes, low caste, or of high caste. He preached to everyone by gathering his followers. He was ridiculed by the Brahmins for his preaching activities but he never criticizes them back and that’s why he was much liked by the common people. He started reforming the mind of common people towards the real truth through his couplets.

He always objected to the ritualistic and ascetic methods as a means of salvation. He said that goodness’s ruby has more value than the ruby mines. According to him, one’s heart with goodness includes all the prosperity of the whole world. A person with mercy has strength, forgiveness has real existence of him, and an individual with righteousness can easily attain the never-ending life. He said that God is in your heart and ever with you, so offer inward worship to him. He had opened the mind of common people by one of his examples that, if the traveler is not able to walk; what can the road do for traveler.

He opened the deep eyes of the people and taught them genuine to lessen of humanity, morality, and spirituality. He was a follower and promoter of the ahimsa. He had turned the people’s minds off his period through his revolutionary preach. There is no real proof and clue about his birth and family, some say he was from a Muslim family; some say he was from a high-class Brahmin family. There was some disagreement among people related to the Muslim and Hindu about the funeral system after his death. His life history is legendary and still teaches human beings real humanity.

According to the Kabir Das, real religion is a way of life the people live it and not made by the people own. According to him, the work is worship and responsibility is like religion. He said that live your life, complete your responsibilities, and work hard to make your life eternal. Never go away from the responsibilities of life like having Sanyasa. He appreciated and valued the family life which is the real meaning of life. It is also mentioned in the Vedas that living life by leaving home and responsibilities is not the real dharma. Living as a householder is also a great and real Sanyasa. Just like, Nirguna sadhus who live a family life, work hard for their daily routine bread as well as chant the name of God.

He has given the people an authentic fact about what is the religion of human beings one should have. Such preaches of him has helped the common people to understand the mystery of life very easily.

It is considered that after the death of Kabir Das, Hindus and Muslims had claimed for getting the dead body of Kabir Das. Both of them wanted to do the funeral of the dead body of the Kabir Das according to their own customs and traditions. Hindus stated that they want to burn the body as he was a Hindu and Muslims said that they want to bury him under the Mohammedan rites as he was a Muslim.

But, when they removed the sheet from the dead body they found only some flowers at his place. They distributed the flower among each other and completed the funeral according to their own traditions and customs. It is also considered that when they were fighting, the spirit of Kabir das came to them and said that, “I was neither a Hindu nor a Mohammedan. I was both, I was nothing, I was all, I discern God in both. There is no Hindu and no Mussalman. To him who is free from delusion, Hindu and Mussalman are the same. Remove the shroud and behold the miracle!”

The temple of Kabir Das is made at the Kabir Chaura in the Kashi which has now become the great pilgrimage place for the people all over India as well as outside India. And a mosque of him was built by the Muslims over the grave which has become the pilgrimage for Mohammedans.

His Guru Ramanand has given him the name of Lord Rama as a guru-mantra which he had interpreted in his own way. He was devoted to the Nirguna Bhakti and not to the Saguna Bhakti like his Guru. His Rama was an absolute pure Satchitananda, not the son of Dasharatha or king of Ayodhya as he said “Dasaratha ke ghar na janmey, yee chal Maya keenha.” “He was greatly influenced by the Buddhas and the Siddhas over Islamic tradition. According to him, “Nirguna Nama japahu rey Bhaiya, Avigati Ki gati Lakhi Na Jaiya.”

He never differentiated between Allah and Rama, he always preached to the people that these are only different names of one God. He said that there should be a religion of love and brotherhood among people without any high or low class or caste. Devote and surrender yourself towards the God who has no religion or caste. He always believed in the Karma of life.

Kabir Das, a Sufi poet of the 15th century, there is a belief that he had chosen his own place of death, Magahar, which is located about 240 km away from Lucknow. He has chosen this place to die in order to remove the fairy tale (myth) from the people’s minds. Those days, it was considered that the one who takes his last breathes and dies in the region of Magahar, would never get a place in heaven as well as take birth of a donkey in the next life.

Kabir Das died in Magahar instead of Kashi just because of breaking the myths and superstitions of people. According to the Hindu calendar in Vikram Samvat 1575, he left the world in the Maghar in the month of January in the year 1518 at Magh Shukla Ekadashi. It is also believed that the one who dies in Kashi, go to heaven directly that’s why Hindu people go to the Kashi during their last time and wait for death in order to attain salvation. Kabir Das died out of the Kashi to demolish the myth. One of the famous saying related to this is “jo kabira Kashi mue to rame kaun nihora” which means if there is a simple way to go to heaven just by dying in Kashi then what is the necessity of worshipping God.

The teachings of the Kabir Das are universal and equal to all as he never differentiates among Muslims, Sikhs, Hindus, and others of different religions. There is a mazar and samadhi of the Kabir Das in the Magahar. After his death his Hindu and Muslim followers of the religion fight for the funeral of his body. But when they remove out the sheet from the dead body they only found some flowers taking which they completed the funeral according to their own customs and traditions.

There is a cave a few meters away from the Samadhi indicates his meditation place before death. There is a running trust named Kabir Shodh Sansthan which works as a research foundation in order to promote the research on Kabir Das works. There are running educational institutions as well which includes the teachings of Kabir Das.

A great mystic poet, Kabir Das, is one of the leading spiritual poets in Indian who has given his philosophical ideas to promote the lives of people. His philosophy of oneness in God and Karma as a real Dharma has changed the mind of people towards goodness. His love and devotion towards God fulfill the concept of both Hindu Bhakti and Muslim Sufi.

It is considered that he was from the Hindu Brahmin family but espoused by the Muslim weavers without a child, Niru and Nimma. He was founded by them into the pond of Lahartara (in Kashi) lying at a huge lotus leaf. At that time there was a lot of disagreement between orthodox Hindu and Muslim people which was the main focus of Kabir Das to resolve that issue by his dohas or couplets.

Professionally he never attended classes but he was a very knowledgeable and mystic person. He wrote his couplets and dohas in the formal language which was greatly spoken at that time which includes Braj, Avadhi, and Bhojpuri as well. He wrote a lot of dohas, couplets, and books of stories based on the social barriers.

The books written by the Kabir Das are generally collections of dohas and songs. The total works are seventy-two including some of the important and well-known works are Rekhtas, Kabir Bijak, the Suknidhan, Mangal, Vasant, Sabdas, Sakhis, and Holy Agams.

The writing style and language of the Kabir Das is very simple and beautiful. He had written his dohas very boldly and naturally which are full of meanings and significance. He wrote from the depth of his heart. He has compressed the sense of the whole world in his simple dohas and couplet. His sayings are beyond compare and inspiring.

Birth Place of Kabir Das

It is the great pond where Saint Kabir was found by the Neeru and Neema. It is located at the Saint Kabir Math Lahartara in the Kashi.

It is the Saint Kabir Math located in the Lahartara Varanasi. What a great building of peace and real education. Saints from all over the world come here to get a real education.

“Jab Mein Tha Tab Hari Nahin‚ Ab Hari Hai Mein Nahin,Sab Andhiyara Mit Gaya‚ Jab Deepak Dekhya Mahin”“Bada hua to kya hua, jaise ped khajoorPanthi ko chhaya nahi, phal laage ati door”“Bura jo dekhan mein chala, bura na milaya koyeJo man dekha aapna, mujhse bura na koye”“Guru govind dohu khade, kake lagu paanyeBalihari guru aapne govind diyo bataye”“Sab dharti kagaj karu, lekhni sab banraySaat samunder ki masi karu, gurugun likha na jaaye”“aisi vani boliye, man ka aapa khoyeauran ko sheetal kare, aaphu sheetal hoye”“Nindak nihare rakhiye, aangan kuti chhawayBin pani bin sabun, nirmal kare subhav”“Bura jo dekhan mein chala, bura na milaya koyeJo man dekha aapna, mujhse bura na koye”“Dukh mein sumiran sab kare, sukh mein kare na koyeJo sukh mein sumiran kare, to dukh kahe ko hoye”“Maati kahe kumhar se, tu kya rondhe moheEk din aisa aayega, mein rondhugi tohe”“Chalti chakki dekh kar, diya kabira royeDo paatan ke bich mein, sabut bacha na koye”“Malin aavat dekh ke, kaliyan kare pukarPhoole phoole chun liye, kaal humari baar”“Kaal kare so aaj kar, aaj kare so abPal mein pralaya hoyegi, bahuri karega kab”“Pothi padh padh jag muya, pandit bhaya na koyeDhai akshar prem ka, padhe so pandit hoye”“Sai itna deejiye, ja mein kutumb samayemein bhi bhookha na rahu, sadhu na bhookha jaye”“Loot sake to loot le, ram naam ki lootPaache pachhtayega, jab pran jayenge chhoot”“Maya mari na man mara, mar mar gaye sarir

Asha trishna na mari, keh gaye das kabir”

About College

The great achievements of the Queens College of Varanasi in education is believed as one of the most significant success. Within few years after establishment of the Queens College, it has become a well known education institute in the field of quality education. Government Queens College was established considering the restricted resources of English instructive institutes in Benares. The aim of the founder of Rajkiya Queens College was to make it one of the leading Institutions.

It was constructed considering the qualitative improvement of the student by having the highest educated faculties, quality education, huge college ground, library with latest collection, sports ground for the students growth. Queens College education was started for the woman society. College conducts a variety of professional courses for the students to provide them a bright future and tackle with all the problems.

The college has popular staff members who are highly skilled and experienced and fully able to provide the answers of all the questions. College offer education to all the categories of students whether they belongs to backward or forward category. The admission process of this college is on the basis of subjects and methods as well as quality standard. The whole admission process of the college is strictly followed as per the rules and regulations.

Objectives

The mission of the college is to become the actual source of an excellent and unique education by having the innovative and high quality educational research pursuits. All the facilities are available here to educate the students so that they can grow up and build up new generation.

Address and Location

It is located at the Chaitganj, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh near to the Andhara Pul Bus Stop.

The side view of the Queens College building

This is the side view of the Queens College building. The college has the two storeys building which looks very attractive. It is the big college having a huge playground in the side of the college with the variety of sports facilities. Students are coming outside of the college in the playground for playing the sports. The college has the greenery environment with the small as well as big trees.

Location Map of Queens College Varanasi

Sawan Shivratri is an important festival celebrated in devotion to Lord Shiva during the month of Sawan (July-August) in the Hindu calendar. Varanasi, also known as the spiritual capital of India, holds immense significance for devotees of Lord Shiva and is believed to be his abode. The connection between Sawan Shivratri and Varanasi comes from the belief that praying and doing sacred rituals in this holy city during the month of Sawan brings great blessings and spiritual fulfilment. During Sawan Shivratri, thousands of pilgrims flock to Varanasi to seek the blessings of Lord Shiva by taking part in various religious rituals and ceremonies. The city’s ghats, particularly the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, become the epicenter of vibrant celebrations and devotees come together in a collective spirit of devotion and reverence.

In 2024 We will celebrate Sawan Shivratri on 2 August 2024.

Sawan (Shravan) is the holiest months of Hindu calendar. During this time, people engage in spiritual activities, perform selfless acts of service, and spend time in meditation, enhancing their connection with the divine. Sawan Shivratri, also known as Mahashivratri, is an auspicious Hindu festival. Devotees of Lord Shiva mark this occasion with fervor and devotion, engaging in various customs and rituals that hold deep significance in their faith. With its roots deeply embedded in the ancient Hindu scriptures, this night is dedicated to Lord Shiva, the deity of destruction and transformation. The states of Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh celebrate this holy day with more excitement than others.

Hindu tradition says that the Samudra Manthan took place in the month of Sawan. When the demons and gods stirred up the ocean, a dangerous poison and fourteen divine items came out of it. The poison had the power to kill and destroy everyone and everything on Earth. Lord Shiva save the Earth and ate the poison. Lord Shiva couldn’t swallow the poison, so he let it get into his throat. This caused Shiva’s throat to turn blue. From here he gets the name Neelkanth! Due to the poison, his body temperature began to rise. Both the Devas and the Asuras started pouring water on him to help him cool down. Since then, it has become a custom to pour river water on Shiva during the month of Sawan.

Sawan Shivratri holds tremendous importance for Hindus. Devotees observe fasts, visit temples, engage in prayer, and seek blessings from Lord Shiva. On this day, girls who aren’t married do a fast to get a husband like Lord Shiva. In the month of Sawan, Lord Shiva is honored on Mondays, but Goddess Parvati is honored on every Tuesday, or Mangalwar. People think that the Lord will reward those who fast and do all of the rituals in the right way and with full dedication. Lord Shiva’s followers celebrate Sawan Shivratri to pray for good health, wealth, and a good life from the Lord.

Days prior to Sawan Shivratri, devotees engage in thorough preparations. They clean their homes; make elaborate arrangements for worship, and purchase flowers and fruits as offerings. Temples, too, undergo extensive decorations, with devotees queuing up to offer their prayers. On Sawan Shivratri, devotees observe a strict fast throughout the day. The fast is broken the next morning after offering prayers to Lord Shiva. Devotees also take a sacred bath in the morning and wear clean clothes before proceeding for worship. Chanting of mantras, reading sacred texts, and performing abhishek (ritualistic bath) on Shiva Linga are essential rituals practiced on this day. Devotees travel long distances to visit ancient Shiva temples, seeking blessings and participating in the grand celebrations. Renowned temples like the Kashi Vishwanath Temple in Varanasi and the Somnath Temple in Gujarat witness extreme rush of pilgrims during this time.

Shravan Shivratri is a celebration of the union of Shakti and Lord Shiv, the two most revered deities in Hinduism. According to the tale, Indian women who aren’t married are told to fast on all Mondays of Sawan to get a good husband like Lord Shiva. Shiva or Mahadeva is known for giving his followers moksha, or the ultimate happiness. Because of this, Sawan Shivratri is very important to his followers. Thousands of people who worship Shiva go to Shiva shrines and do Rudrabhishek, Maha Mrityunjaya Puja, or another kind of puja to ask Lord Shiva to protect them from all dangers, diseases, and bad luck and to give them good health.

Many people think Shivratri and Sawan Shivratri are same but both are different and also celebrated on different months. Shivratri falls on the 14th day of every lunar month, or the day before the new moon, according to the Hindu calendar. Therefore there are total 12 Shivratri in a year. Since this kind of day also happens in the month of Sawan, or Shravan, it is called Sawan Shivratri. On Sawan Shivratri, people who worship Lord Shiva fast and do prayers to respect him. But Maha Shivratri is the most spiritually important day. It falls on February or March. It is thought to be the day that Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati got married. There are a lot of other tales and stories connected to Maha Shivratri. They stay awake all night and pray in the name of Lord Shiva. The biggest difference between Shivratri and Mahashivratri is that Shivratri is a religious observance and Mahashivratri is a grand festival.

During Sawan Shivratri, devotees of Lord Shiva perform different rituals in order to make their lord happy and seek his blessings. Some of them are:

1. Fasting: Fasting is a prevalent practice during Sawan Shivratri, it makes body and mind pure. Devotees observe a strict fast throughout the day and break it on another day. Some individuals opt for a complete waterless fast, while others consume fruits and dairy products.

2. Rudrabhishek (Holy Bath): Devotees take part in the holy bath of Lord Shiva’s idol or Shiva Lingam. They pour sacred water, honey, milk, curd, and other substances on the Lingam as a mark of reverence. The ritual symbolizes purification and removal of negativity from one’s life.

3. Prayers and Chants: Devotees often spend the entire day of Sawan Shivratri chanting the sacred mantra “Om Namah Shivaya” and singing devotional hymns in praise of Lord Shiva. This practice is believed to protect against evil forces and bring peace and prosperity.

4. Visiting Shiva Temples: People flock to Shiva temples on Sawan Shivratri to seek the blessings of Lord Shiva. Temples are decorated with flowers, lights, and intricate artworks, creating a divine ambiance. Devotees offer flowers, bel leaves (Bilva Patra), and sweets to Lord Shiva as a token of their devotion.

5. Kanwar Yatra: Kanwar Yatra is a pilgrimage undertaken by devotees, often barefoot, to collect holy water from the Ganges to offer to Lord Shiva. In Kanwar Yatra, devotees go to holy rivers to get water and carry Kanwars on their shoulders to give it to the Shivlinga in the shrines closest to them. These devotees, known as Kanwariyas, travel long distances while chanting devotional songs. Every year, lakhs of sincere devotees go on this journey. Also, it is said that the holy water shouldn’t be put on the floor or anywhere else until it is given to Lord Shiva.

The month of Sawan is all about Lord Shiva. Since this city is Lord Shiva’s home, the spirituality of this holy month will mesmerize you. Sawan Shivratri is a significant Hindu festival celebrated with great fervor in Varanasi. Considered one of the most sacred cities in India, Varanasi attracts thousands of devotees during this auspicious occasion. The city comes alive with vibrant decorations and religious rituals. Devotees from all walks of life gather at the famous Kashi Vishwanath Temple, to offer special prayers and seek blessings. All the temples dedicated to Shiva and the route to that temple witness heavy crowd. Most of the schools and colleges remain closed on Sawan Somwar due to excessive crowd. The streets of Varanasi are adorned with colorful flowers and traditional music, creating a lively and festive atmosphere. It is believed that observing fasts, reciting prayers, and performing holy rituals on this day can bring prosperity and spiritual enlightenment. In many places fairs are organised as “Sawan Mela”. The celebration of Sawan Shivratri in Varanasi is an unforgettable experience that truly showcases the devotion and religious zeal of the people towards Lord Shiva.

The radiant beauty of Banaras doesn’t need a long explanation. It is the most beautiful place where humanity and faith come together. The old city of Varanasi is a magical and surreal experience in itself. It beauty is truly interesting, captivating, and enchanting. There are ghats, temples, museums, and many places that make the city more pleasing. Apart from several tourist places, one of the famous places in Varanasi is Sanskritik Sankul.

The “Sanskritik Sankul” cultural center bears the name of the renowned Thumri singer Girija Devi. Girija Devi was born in the Varanasi’s Nati Imli on May 8, 1929. She is known as the lead of the Banaras Gharana. The 88-year-old classical singer and Padma Vibhushan winner helped make Thumri more famous during her entire life. This is the first cultural hall in the city named after a musician. It has a large hall that can be used for many different things.

The Government of India wants the Girija Devi Sanskritik Sankul (GDSS) in the city of Varanasi, to be a centre for cultural and artistic events and to help people get to know the rich culture and heritage of the country.

The Sanskritik Sankul is a cultural complex which is an ideal place for melas (fairs), and other events. It also supports some cultural events. This place is located at the Chaukaghat Road. There are many events and shows held here from time to time. In melas, you can buy many different kinds of things, such as wood, carpets, toys, handicrafts, food items, clothes for men and women, coats, household tools, etc.

The cultural complex is a place where business and culture all come together. Tabla Samrat Padmavibhushan Pandit Kishan Maharaj said, “Artists still think of Kashi as Baikunth Lok”. After this city turns into a culture complex, artists will call it “Indralok.”

“Girija Devi Sanskritik Sankul” is located at the National Highway 56 (NH56), Chaukaghat in Varanasi, UP (221002), India. This place can be reached through all the modes of transportation easily.

By Airways: Sanskritik Sankul is located about 20 km away from the Babatpur airport. From airport one can book any road vehicle to reach the place.

By Railways: From Varanasi Junction, Sanskritik Sankul is about 2 to 2.5 km away. Regular road vehicles are available from the stations to the Sanskritik Sankul.

By Roadways: From any places in the Varanasi, regular autos and electric rickshaws are available to reach Sanskritik Sankul.

Address: National Highway 56, Chaukaghat, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221002
Phone: 063900 95558

Who was Sant Ravidas

Shri Guru Sant Ravidas Ji was a great Saint, philosopher, poet, social reformer, and follower of God in India during the 15th century. He was one of the most famous and leading stars of the nirguna sampradaya (sant parampara) and was one of the prominent leaders of the North Indian Bhakti movement. He had given a variety of spiritual and social messages through his great writings of poetry to his lovers, followers, and peoples of the society to reform their minds and show their boundless love towards God.

He was like a messiah in order to complete the social and spiritual needs of people. He was a spiritually rich person and was also worshipped by people. They use to listen to him and use to recite his great songs, Padas and etc at every morning and evening, on his birthday anniversary celebration, or any religious events celebration. He is loved and respected all over the world however the most respected regions were Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Maharashtra for his Bhakti movement and devotional songs.

Sant Ravidas Jayanti or birthday anniversary is celebrated every year on Magh Purnima on full moon day of Magh month with great enthusiasm and happiness all over India however; people in Varanasi celebrate this occasion like a memorable event and festival.

It will be (647^th) Sant Ravidas Jayanti in 2024 and will be celebrated on  – 24^th of February (Saturday)

On this special day, a ceremony of Nagar Kirtan procession is performed by people with the chants of mantras during Aarti. Music, songs, and Doha are sung in the temples located on the streets. Some of the followers and devotees also perform the ceremony of holy bath in the Ganga River or other holy places then go to worship his image at home or in a temple. A grand celebration takes place by the people in Varanasi every year at the most famous place of “Shri Guru Ravidas Janam Asthan Mandir, Seer Goverdhanpur, Varanasi” in order to mark the occasion. People and devotees from all over the world visit Varanasi to actively participate in the occasion.

Birth: in 1377 AD (means Bikrami Samvat-Magh Sudi 15, 1433, however; some people believed that it was 1440 A.D.) at Seer Goverdhanpur, Varanasi, U.P.

Father: Shri Santokh Dass Ji

Mother: Smt. Kalsa Devi Ji

Grandfather: Shri Kalu Ram Ji

Grandmother: Smt. Lakhpati Ji

Wife: Smt. Lona Ji

Son: Vijay Dass Ji

Death: in Varanasi in 1540 A.D.

Ravidas

Guru, Sant Ravidas Ji was born in Harijan caste in the Varanasi to Kalsa Devi Ji and Baba Santokh Dass Ji in the Seer Goverdhanpur village, Varanasi, U.P., India in the 15th century. However, his real birth date is still controversial because some people estimate it was 1376, 1377 and even 1399 CE. According to the data by some scholars it has been estimated that his lifespan was from 1450-1520 in 15th to 16th century CE.

His father was working as a Sarpanch at Raja Nagar Mal’s Kingdom and has his own business of shoemaking and repairing. His birthday anniversary is celebrated at every Puran Mashi (Magh Purnima) of the Magh month by the people. He was very brave and highly devoted to God from his early childhood later he struggled with lots of problems created by upper caste people which he faced and let people realize about facts of life through his writings. He taught people that always love their neighbors without any discrimination.

His birth anniversary is still celebrated by his great followers to remember his great teachings as well as renew the establishment of peace and brotherhood all over the world. During the early days of his teachings, his popularity was prohibited by the conservative Brahmins living in Kashi as he was also an untouchable guru. People complained regarding him in front of the king as a deformer of the social order. He was prohibited to talk about God and as well as advising or teaching people following him.

In his childhood, he went to the Pathshala of his Guru, Pt. Sharda Nand who was later restricted by some higher caste people to teach in the Pathshala. However, Pt. Sharda Nand realized that Ravidas is a child boy and sent by God as a godly boy. Pt. Sharda Nand admitted Ravidas to his own Pathshala and started teaching him. He was a very brilliant and promising student and got more than what he was taught by his Guru. Pt. Sharda Nand was very much influenced by him and his behavior and he thought that one-day Ravidas would be spiritually enlightened and will become a great social reformer.

During his studies at Pathshala, he became a good friend of Pt. Sharda Nand’s son. One day both of them were playing a game called hide and seek. In the first part, Ravidas Ji won the game and in the second part, his friend won the game. On the next turn, it was the time of Ravidas to seek again but they were unable to complete the game because it was quite dark, they decided to continue the game the next morning. The next morning Guru Ravidas Ji came but his friend did not. He waited for a long time and then went to his friend’s home to get him and saw that his friend’s parents and neighbors were weeping.

He asked about his friend to one of them and surprised when he came to know about his death last night. He was brought by the Pt. Sharda Nand near the dead body of his friend, he asked his friend that it is not sleeping time, it is time to get up and play the game of ‘hide and seek’. As Guru Ravidas Ji was blessed by the spiritual powers from birth, his friend got alive after hearing his words. The parents and neighbors of his friend were very surprised to see all this.

His love and devotion towards God were one of the main reasons for his distraction from his professional family business life and his parents were worried too worried about him. Regarding this, he was set to get married by his parents in order to get engaged in the family profession of shoemaking and repairing. Then he got married to Smt. Lona Devi in his early age and got a son called Vijaydas.

Even after his marriage, he was not able to completely concentrate on his family business because of his more interest in worldly affairs. For his such behavior, he was one day separated from his house by his father to go away and manage his all social affairs without taking help from his family. Then he started living in the backyard of his own house and get involved completely in social matters.

Later Life

Later in his life, he became a great follower of Lord Rama and started following some names like Ram, Raghunath, Raja Ram Chanda, Krishna, Hari, Gobind, and etc in order to express his feeling towards God.

Begampura is the city pioneered by Guru Ravidas Ji as it is a city without any sorrow and full of peace and humanity. Begampura city was idealized by him while writing his poem where he described that a city with no sufferings, pain, or fear and a land where all people are equal without any discrimination, poverty, and caste humiliation. A place, where nobody pays any tax, no one is worried, no terror, or torture another one.

Sant Guru Ravidas Ji is considered as a spiritual Guru of Meera Bai who was the queen of Chittoor and daughter of one of the famous kings in Rajasthan naming Rao Dudaji. She was very impressed by the teachings of Guru Ravidass Ji and became a great follower of him. Meera Bai has written some lines in the respect of his Guru “Guru Milyaa Ravidas Ji …”.

She was the only daughter of her parents (king and queen of Rajasthan) who later became a queen of Chittoor. She lost her mother during her childhood and then her grandparents look after her and he was a follower of Guru Ravidas Ji. She met Guru Ji several times with her grandfather and was much influenced by him. After her marriage, she and her husband were blessed by Guru Ji, Later she accepted Guru Ji as her real Guru with the agreement of her husband and in-laws. She started hearing all the religious discourses of Guru Ji that influenced her a lot and attracted towards the divine devotion then she started singing songs and praising the divine power. In one of her songs, she said that:

“Guru milya Ravidas ji dini gyan ki gutki.

Chot lagi nijnam hari ki mharey hivrey khatki”.

Day by day she got attracted towards mediation and started living in the company of saints. Later she was checked by her younger brother-in-law after the death of her husband and in-laws but she never distracted and relent in front of them. Even, she was thrown by them in the Gambhir River at midnight but was saved by the blessings of Guru Ji.

Once, she was given poisoned milk by her brother-in-law as nectar by Guru Ji however she drank that poisoned milk assuming nectar by Guru Ji and still she was alive. She said that:

“Vish ko pyala Rana Ji melio dyo

mertani ne paye

Kar charanamit pee gayee re,

gun Gobind ra gaye”.

Once, some of his disciples and followers asked him to take the holy dip in the sacred river of Ganges but he denied it by saying that he had already promised to one of his customers to deliver shoes so he would not be able to join them. One of his disciples urged him repeatedly then he answered his beliefs about common saying “Man changa to kathoti mein Ganga” means our body needs to be holy by soul not by just taking bath into the holy river, if our soul and heart is pure and happy then we are completely holy even after taking bath in the water-filled in a tub at home.

Once he saved the life of his Brahman friend from being killed by the hungry lion. He became a close friend of one of the Brahman boys while playing together however other Brahman people were jealous of their friendship and complained to the king. His Brahman friend was called by the king in the court and announced to be killed by a hungry lion. As soon as the hungry lion came to him to kill Brahman boy, the lion became very calm by seeing Guru Ravidas Ji near his friend. Lion moves away and Guru Ravidas Ji and he brought his Brahman friend to his home. Brahman people and king were very ashamed off and realized about the spiritual power of the Guru Ravidas Ji and they started following him.

He was a true messenger of God and he came on earth when it was necessary to save the real Dharma as at that time when social and religious patterns were distressing because of the lots of manmade discriminations over social beliefs, caste, color, and etc. He bravely faced all the discriminations and answered people about the real definition and beliefs of castes. He taught people that one is not known by his caste, religion, or believes in God, he is known only for his great actions (or karma). He also worked against the system of untouchability in the society by the higher caste people for lower caste people.

During his time, low caste people were neglected and were not allowed to do some common jobs in the society of higher caste people such as inhibited to go to the temples for prayer, inhibited to go to schools for study, restricted to visit the village during the daytime, they were allowed to live in huts instead of a proper house in the village and many more. After seeing such a social scenario, Guruji started giving spiritual messages to everybody in order to permanently tackle the bad situations of low caste people.

He spread a message that “God created man and not man created God” means everyone is created by God and has equal rights on this earth. Regarding this social situation, Sant Guru Ravidas Ji has given various teachings to the people about the universal brotherhood and tolerance. The King and Queen of the Chittoor kingdom became his great disciples after being influenced by his teachings.

His padas, devotional songs, and other writings (around 41 verses) are mentioned in the Sikh Scriptures, Guru Granth Sahib who was compiled by the 5th Sikh’s Guru, Arjan Dev. The followers of Guru Ravidas Ji’s teachings are commonly called Ravidassia and a collection of teachings called Ravidassia Panth.

The 41 holy writings of him which is included in the Guru Granth Sahib are mentioned in the following ways: “Raga – Siri(1), Gauri(5), Asa(6), Gujari(1), Sorath(7), Dhanasari(3), Jaitsari(1), Suhi(3), Bilaval(2), Gaund(2), Ramkali(1), Maru(2), Kedara(1), Bhairau(1), Basant(1), and Malhar(3).

He was the great saint of his time and preferred to live the life of a common man whereas he was followed by many rich kings and queens of that time including other rich people but he never accepted any wealth offered. One day, Guru Ravidas Ji was examined by God for the common man’s greediness within him. A philosopher came to the Guru Ravidas Ji and told him about the surprising aspects of a stone that was able to convert iron into gold. Guru Ravidas Ji was forced by that philosopher to take that stone and construct big buildings instead of a simple hut but Guru Ravidas Ji denied it.

Philosopher again forced him and said to keep it; I would collect it back when I would be returned. Guru Ji accepted his request and told him to keep this stone at any particular place in the hut. Philosopher returned after many years and saw that the stone was there as usual. Philosopher became very happy by the persistence of Guru Ravidas Ji and his distraction towards inwardly wealth. He took his precious stone, went away, and disappeared. Guru Ravidas Ji always taught his disciples no to be greedy for wealth, it is not stable, instead work hard for earning a livelihood.

Once, Guru Ravidas Ji was called to the court by the Kashi Naresh upon complaint of other Brahman people against the act of worship of God by Guru Ji and other untouchables. He was the person who made the process of worship easy by discarding all the unnecessary rituals. He represented himself in front of the king where both of them (Guru Ji and other Pandit priests) were requested to bring their own Thakur statue on the Rajghat bank of river Ganga on the decided day.

King had announced that if the statue of one would float he would be a true worshipper otherwise false. Both of them arrived at the Ganga River and started doing their act of challenge as announced by the king. Brahman brought a small statue of Thakur Ji wrapped in cotton clothe whereas Guru Ji brought a statue of 40 kg made up of heavy-weight square stone. There was a huge crowd of people at Rajghat bank of river Ganga to see the event in the presence of King.

The first turn was given to the Brahman priests to release their Thakur statue in the river, they did the process with all the ritual and mantras chanting and then the statue sank down very deep into the water. The second turn was given to the Guru Ravidas Ji, he took the statue on his shoulder and gently placed it in the water which was started floating on the surface of the water. After the complete process, it was decided that Brahman were false worshippers and Guru Ji was a true worshipper.

People started touching his feet for availing untouchables the right to worship God. From then, Kashi Naresh and others (who were against Guru Ji) started following and honoring Guru Ji. This auspicious and victorious event was recorded in the golden letters in the court for future records.

After his lots of amazing activities in a society full of supernatural powers, people from all the castes and religions were influenced by his truthfulness towards the worship of God and became his strong followers, devotees, and disciples. A long ago, he was giving sermons to his disciples, and then a wealthy Seth also reached there to hear the religious discourses over the topic of the importance of human birth.

At the end of religious discourse, Guru Ji gave everybody sacred water from his earthen pot as a Prasad. People took that and started drinking however, wealthy Seth considered that as dirty water and threw it behind his back which was partially dispersed on his clothes and floor. He went his home and gave his clothe to the poor person suffering from leprosy disease. As soon as the poor man get clothe and wore, he started feeling soothing effects all over his body and skin whereas leprotic wounds started healing up and became healthy very soon.

However; wealthy Seth got diseased with leprosy and never got relief from any costly treatment by qualified and experienced Vaidya. His condition was deteriorating day by day then he realized his misbehavior and went to the Guru Ravidas Ji to apologize and get that sacred water to heal wounds. Guru Ji was very kind and forgave him with lots of blessings to get healthy. Finally, wealthy Seth including his family became a devotee of Guru Ji for his whole life.

During his time, Shudras (untouchables) were not allowed to wear common clothes like Brahman such as Janev, tilak on forehead, and other religious practices. Guru Ravidas Ji was a very great person who opposed all those activities banned for the untouchable community for their equal rights in society. He started doing all such activities banned to the lower group people such as wearing Janev, dhoti, putting tilak on forehead and etc.

Brahmans were against his activities and tried to check him doing such for untouchables in the society. However; Guru Ravidas Ji faced all bad situations very bravely and answered Brahmans with humble actions. He was called to the court of a king on the complaint of Brahmans for wearing Janev instead of being untouchable. He presented there and said that untouchables too should be given equal rights in the society as they have the same blood color and sacred soul and heart as others.

He instantly made a deep cut on his chest and pulled four Janev of gold, silver, copper, and cotton for respectively for the four Yuga like Satyuga, Treta, Dwaper, and Kalyuga. People including the king available there were very astonished and honored Guru Ji by touching his feet. King was much shamed and begged for his childish behavior, Guru Ji forgave all and told that wearing Janev does not has any means to attain God. He only involved in this activity to show people the reality and truth. He took off Janev and gave it to the king, after that, he never used Janev, Tilak and etc.

Once, Pandit Ganga Ram met GuruJi and honored him. He was going to the Kumbh festival in Haridwar, Guru Ji asked him to give this small coin to the Ganga Mata if she takes it by her own hand. He took that very easily and went to Haridwar. He took bath, prayed, and started returning home without offering coins to Mata given by Guru Ji.

He fainted on his way and sat down then realized that he forgot something, he went back to the bank of a river and called loudly to Mata, and she came and accepted the coin by putting her own hand out of the water. She returned a golden bangle as a return gift for Guru Ji. Pandit Ganga Ram came home and gave that bangle to his wife instead of Guruji.

One day his wife went to sell that bangle in the market to get money. The jeweler was clever, he decided to show the bangle to king and king to queen. Queen liked that very much and requested to get another one. King announced that the one would not get a matching bangle, Pandit was very sad as he was wrong and cheated Guru Ji. He met Guru Ravidas Ji and requested for pardon. Guruji said to him that “Mun changa to kathauti mein Ganga” find another set of bangle in this water-filled earthen shallow pot as Ganga is flowing here. They were shocked by seeing the spiritual power of Guru Ji and later became followers.

One of the Events during His Father Death

After his father’s death, he requested his neighbors to support him in the last rites at the bank of Gange. However, Brahmans were against the rite that they took bath from the Ganga water which flows towards the main city from the place of rite and that would be polluted. Guru Ji felt very sad and felt helpless, however; he never lost his patience and started praying for the peace of his father’s soul. Suddenly, there was a heavy thunder in the environment and river water started flowing in the reverse direction and suddenly a deep wave of water came to the dead body, washed away and absorbed all the remains. From that time it is considered that the holy water of river Gange flows in a reverse direction.

According to history, Babur was the first king of the Mughal emperor who throned in Delhi after his victory in the battle of Panipat in 1526 where he massacred tons of people in the belief of God. He already knew about the spiritual powers of GuruJi and decided one day to meet Guruji with his son Humayun. He went there and touched the feet of GuruJi to honor him, however; instead, he got blessings he was punished by Guruji as he murdered lots of innocent bodies. Guruji taught him deeply which influenced Babur very much then he became a great follower of the Guruji and started doing social works by supporting the poor in Delhi and Agra.

Day by day the followers of Guru Ji were increasing because of his truthfulness, humanity, the oneness of God, and bought equality in society and many more. Another side, some Brahmans and Piran Ditta Mirasi were planning to kill Guru Ravidas Ji that’s why they arranged a meeting at a lonely place that was far away from the village. They invited Guru Ji to involve in the meeting to discuss the topic where they decided to kill Guru Ji however Guru Ji was already known of all the events because of his spiritual powers.

As soon as the discussion started, Guru Ji showed his appearance on one of the companions named Bhalla Nath who was then killed by mistake. Later, when Guru Ji blew his conch shell in his hut, the killers were very shocked by seeing Guru Ji alive then they ran to the place of murder where they found the dead body of their own companion called Bhalla Nath instead of Guru Ji. They felt guilty and went to the hut of Guru Ji for pardon.

However, by some of his followers, it is believed that he died naturally after 120 or 126 years of his life. Some people believed that he died in Varanasi (his birth place) in 1540 A.D.

• Sri Guru Ravidas Park in Varanasi

There is a Sri Guru Ravidas Park in Varanasi which is made as a memorial behind his name in the Nagwa which has been clearly named as “Guru Ravidass Smark and Park”.

Guru Ravidas Ghat has also been proposed by the government of India to be implemented at the bank of Gange River behind his name almost adjacent to the park in Varanasi.

There is a Sant Ravidas Nagar (old name Bhadohi) which has also been established behind his name located in the Sant Ravidas Nagar District near Gyanpur.

• Shri Guru Ravidas Janam Asthan Mandir Varanasi

There is Shri Guru Ravidas Janam Asthan Mandir located at Seer Goverdhanpur, Varanasi has been built in the honor of him which is run by his followers all over the world which has now become their main religious headquarters.

• Shri Guru Ravidas Memorial Gate

There is a big gate located at Lanka Chauraha, Varanasi has been built in honor of Guru Ji named “Shri Guru Ravidas Memorial Gate”.

Some other memorials are also located all over India as well as abroad behind the name of Sant Guru Ravidas Ji.

Other Related People

Tulsidas

Kabir Das

Bhartendu Harishchandra

Q 1. Where was Sant Ravidas Born?

Ans. He was born in the holy city of Varanasi, in the village Seer Goverdhanpur. Now his birthplace is known as Shri Guru Ravidas Janam Asthan.

Q 2. Who was the Guru of Sant Ravidas?

Ans. There is a belief that he was strongly influenced by Guru Nanak and started reciting poems after meeting him and you can also find his poems in Adi Granth.

Q 3. How many years did Ravidas live?

Ans. The exact records are unknown but it is believed that he was born in 1450 CE and died in the year 1520 CE.

Q 4. Who was the guru of Mirabai?

Ans. It was saint Ravidas who showed her the path of Bhakti and told her about Krishna.

Q.5 What was the caste of the Ravidas?

Ans. Guru Ravidas belonged to the leather-working Chamar community, which used to be considered untouchable and was also referred to as Dalit.

Q.6 What is Ravidas famous for?

Ans. Ravidas was a poet and was one of the most famous saints of the North Indian bhakti movement. He taught that everyone is equal in God’s eyes, irrespective of their caste, gender, or social status.

Q.7 What is Ravidas religion?

Ans. Sikhism has a religion called Ravidassia or the Ravidas Panth. It is based on the teachings of Guru Ravidass and Guru Nanak, who is regarded as a satguru.

Q.8 Who is the God of Ravidas?

Ans. He didn’t pray to any one god. He thought there was only one God who was everywhere and knew everything.

Q.9 Who took Diksha from Guru Ravidas?

Ans. Sage Ravidas gave Meera Bai an initiation called Naam Diksha.

Q.10 Why was Sant Ravidas killed?

Ans. He was killed because he taught Dalits that they were the descendants of great people but were now working as slaves.

Q.11 Which caste is Ramdasia?

Ans. Ramdasia is a term for all Sikhs whose ancestors belonged to the Chamar caste.

Q.12 Was Sant Ravidas killed?

Ans. Some of his followers think that he died on his own when he was 120 or 126 years old.

Q.13 What is ravidasia caste in punjabi?

Ans. The ravidasia caste in Punjabi belongs to Chamar caste.

Q.14 Who built Ravidas Temple?

Ans. The Ravidas Temple at Tughlakabad was built by Sikandar Lodi.

Q.15 Who founded Ravidassia religion?

Ans. The Ravidassia religion was founded by Guru Ravidas.

Q.16 Was Sant Ravidas Brahmin?

Ans. According to some people, Ravidas was Brahmin in his previous birth but rebirth as Chamar, a lower caste.

Q.17 Why was Ravidas temple demolished?

Ans. The Delhi Development Authority demolished the 15th century shrine by Supreme Court judgment since it stood in a legally protected forest.

Q.18 What is Ravidassia Hindu?

Ans. Ravidassia Hindu belongs to the chamar caste.

Kashi, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, has a history that spans beyond 3,000 years. It is believed to be the first settlement in the Ganges valley and holds immense spiritual significance in Hinduism. Kashi, which translates to “shining” or “luminous,” represents the city as a source of illuminating knowledge and divine grace.

Over the years, it has been referred to by various names, with Varanasi being one of the most commonly used. But when exactly did Kashi become Varanasi? Let’s find out the story behind this name transition.

The name Kashi finds its roots in ancient Hindu texts, particularly in the Rigveda, one of the oldest known scriptures. It signifies the city’s spiritual essence and association with knowledge and enlightenment. Beginning in the eighteenth century, the city of Varanasi developed as an independent Kashi Kingdom. Slowly, from Kashi the name transforms to Varanasi. It is possible that this is due to the fact that the city is located between the river Assi, which flows from the south, and the river Varuna, which flows from the north. Throughout its long and illustrious history, Varanasi has continued to be a centre of spirituality, culture, and pilgrimage, captivating visitors from all corners of the world.

Munshi Premchand

Munshi Premchand, Hindustani literature (Upanyas Samrat) and Indian writer (novel writer, story writer, and dramatist), was born in the year 1880 on the 31st of July in the Lamhi village (near Varanasi). He is a famous writer of the early 20th century. He left us on the 8th of October in 1936 after serving people his great writings. His birth name was Dhanpat Rai Srivastav and the pen name was Nawab Rai. He wrote his all writings with his pen name. Finally, he changed his name to Munshi Premchand.

Munshi is an honorary prefix given by his lovers in society because of his quality and effective writings. As a Hindi writer, he wrote approximately a dozen novels, 250 short stories, numerous essays, and translations (he translated a number of foreign literary works into the Hindi language).

He spent his childhood in Lamhi in a joint family. He was the 4th child to Ajaib Lal (a post office clerk) and his mother named Anandi Devi (a housewife from Karauni village). His grandfather Sri. Gur Sahai Lal (a patwari means the village accountant) loved him the most. His uncle used to call him Mahabir which means Nawab ( Prince in English) and therefore he chose Nawab Rai as his pen name.

He started his early education at the age of 7 in a madrasa in the Lalpur village (around 2 and a half km away from Lamahi) where he learned Urdu and Persian languages. He lost his mother at the age of 8 because of her illness and later his grandmother too. He felt alone and his father got re-married with his stepmother who later became his recurring theme in his works.

He developed a lot of interest in reading books after his mother’s death that’s why he did the job of bookselling to a book wholesaler to get a chance to read more books. He took admission at a missionary school where he learned English and read the George W. M. Reynolds’s eight-volume named The Mysteries of the Court of London. He was in Gorakhpur when he wrote his first literary writing. He always believed to write about social realism in his Hindi literature and discuss the status of a woman in society.

He got enrolled at the Queen’s College in the Banaras as a day scholar after his father posted to Jamniya in the mid-1890s. He was studying in class 9 when he got married at the age of 15 in the year 1895. The match was arranged by his maternal grandfather. He stopped his studies after his father’s death in the year 1897 because of his long illness. He had started taking tuition to a Banarasi advocate’s son just for 5 rupees per month. Later he got the job of a teacher with a salary of 18 rupees and it was the headmaster of a missionary school in Chunar who helped him to get this job.

In the year 1900, he got a government job as an assistant teacher at the Government District School, Bahraich, and started getting 20 rupees per month as salary. Around 3 years later he was posted to the District School in Pratapgarh. He wrote his first short novel by the title of Asrar e Ma’abid means Devasthan Rahasya in Hindi “The Mystery of God’s Abode”.

His Career

Later he moved to Allahabad from Pratapgarh for the training purpose and afterward posted to Kanpur in the year 1905 where he met the editor of a magazine Mr. Daya Narain Nigam and his magazine was ‘Zamana’ where he published his articles and stories in the later years.

Because of his wife and step-mother’s quarrel, he was unhappy. His wife also tried to commit suicide because his mother used to scold her a lot. Finally, she decided to go her father’s home and never returned. Then Munshiji got married to a child widow named Shivarani Devi in the year 1906 and became a father of two sons named Sripat Rai and Amrit Rai. After his second marriage, he faced several social oppositions. His wife wrote a book on him after his death named Premchand Ghar Mein means Premchand in House.

He published his first story named Duniya Ka Sabse Anmol Ratan in Zamana in the year 1907. In the same year, he published his second short novel named Hamkhurma-o-Hamsavab. Another short novel is Krishna and the stories are Roothi Rani, Soz-e-Watan and etc.

He was poted to Mahoba and then to Hamirpur as a Sub-deputy Inspector of Schools in the year 1909. Around 500 copies of Soz-e-Watan were burnt in a raid of a British collector. This is the reason why he changed his name from “Nawab Rai” to “Premchand”. He started writing in Hindi in 1914. The first Hindi writing Saut was published in the Saraswati magazine in the month of December in 1915 and Sapta Saroj in the month of June in 1917.

He got promoted as an Assistant Master at the Normal High School, Gorakhpur, in the month of August in 1916. At Gorakhpur, he translated many books to Hindi. His first Hindi novel named Seva Sadan (original language was Urdu by the title Bazaar-e-Husn) was published in Hindi in the year 1919. He got promoted as a Deputy Inspectors of Schools in the year 1921 after completing his BA degree from Allahabad in 1919. He decided to resign from the government job after attending a meeting held at Gorakhpur on the 8th of February 1921 when Mahatma Gandhi asked people to join the non-cooperation movement.

He went back to Varanasi after leaving his job on the 18th of March in 1921 and started focusing on his literary career. During this period he suffered financial problems and poor health till his death in 1936. He became successful in establishing his own printing press and publishing house in the Varanasi named Saraswati Press in the year 1923 where he published his writings Rangabhumi, Nirmala, Pratigya, Gaban, Hans, Jagaran.

Again he relocated to Kanpur in the year 1931 as a teacher in a Marwari College. After leaving the college he came back to Banaras as an editor of the Maryada magazine, where he published the novel Karmabhumi in the year 1932. Shortly he served as a headmaster at Kashi Vidyapeeth and later as an editor of the Madhuri magazine at Lucknow.

He went back to Varanasi after leaving his job on the 18th of March in 1921 and started focusing on his literary career. During this period he suffered financial problems and poor health till he also had tried his luck in the Hindi film industry in Bombay in the year 1934 and got a job in scriptwriting from the Ajanta Cinetone production house. He became successful in maintaining his family’s financial difficulties. He wrote the film script for the movie Mazdoor by Mohan Bhawnani and use to stay in Dadar. He played a cameo role (leader of laborers) in the same film. He did not like the commercial film industry environment of Bombay and came back to Banaras after completing the one year contract.

Because of his bad health, he was unable to publish his writing named Hans and handed it over to the Indian Literary Counsel. In the year 1936, he was nominated as first President of the Progressive Writers’ Association at Lucknow. Because of his illness, he died on the 8th of October in the year 1936. His last and one of the premium Hindi novels is Godaan. He never moved outside the country for writing or studying purposes that’s why he never became renowned among foreign literary figures. Kafan was one of his best writing in the year 1936. His last story was Cricket Match which was published after his death in Zamana in the year 1937.

He was from a village and was well aware of the assent and tone used in a village. We can find the combination of proverbs and idioms in his writing. His writing was simple but also interesting at the same time.

Basically, he started writing in Urdu so we can find some modernized words that can be known as the mixture of Urdu and Hindi in his work. He used the language of a common man and it became easy for common people to relate his stories.

His work was the reflection of a pure village and was also very effective, he became a hero just because of his work and also teaches us that good content and gaining the attention of the audience is more necessary in this field and is a simple formula to be a good writer. Still, it is not everyone can be a good writer.

His Inspiration

Premchnad was strongly influenced by Gandhiji when he met him in a meeting in Gorakhpur as there was a strong opposition among people to resign all kinds of government jobs. Premchand followed him and resigned from the post of Deputy Inspector of Schools in Allahabad. Apart from his social inspiration, his step-mother is also considered as his inspiration because she inspired him for his studies and reading books after his father’s death he became closer to books and started his literary work.

Some popular stories of Premchand are:

Adeeb Ki IzatBade Bhai SahabBalidanBeti ka DhanBoodhi KakiCricket MatchDuniya ka Sabse Anmol RatanDurga ka MandirGhasvaliGupt DhanHinsa Parmo DharmaIdgahIshwariya NyayaKafanLotteryMantraNamak Ka DarogaNashaaPanch ParameshvarParikshaPoos ki raatPutra PremSajjanata ka dandSautShatranj ke khiladi (Hindi)

Shatranj ki bazi (Urdu)

Asrar-e-Ma’abid (Urdu)Devasthan Rahasya (Hindi)Prema (Hindi)Hamkhurma-o-Ham Sawab (Urdu)KishnaRoothi RaniSoz-e-Watan (collection)Vardaan (Hindi)Jalwa-e-Isar (Urdu)Seva Sadan (Hindi)Bazaar-e-Husn (Urdu)Premashram (Hindi)Gosha-e-Afiyat (Urdu)Rangbhoomi (Hindi)Chaugan-e-Hasti (Urdu)NirmalaKaayakalp (Hindi)Parda-i-Majaz (Urdu)Pratigya (Hindi)Bewa (Urdu)Gaban (also transliterated as Ghaban)Karmabhoomi (Hindi)Maidan-e-Amal (Urdu)Godaan

Mangalsootra (incomplete)

दुनिया का सबसे अनमोल रतन

सप्‍त सरोज

नवनिधि

प्रेमपूर्णिमा

प्रेम-पचीसी

प्रेम-प्रतिमा

प्रेम-द्वादशी

समरयात्रा

मानसरोवर : भाग एक व दो

कफन

पंच परमेश्‍वर

गुल्‍ली डंडा

दो बैलों की कथा

ईदगाह

बडे भाई साहब

पूस की रात

कफन

ठाकुर का कुंआ

सद्गति

बूढी काकी

तावान

विध्‍वंश

दूध का दाम

मंत्र

असरारे मआबिद उर्फ़ देवस्थान रहस्य

हमखुर्मा व हमसवाब

सेवासदन (1918)

बाजारे-हुस्‍न (उर्दू)

प्रेमाश्रम (1921)

गोशाए-आफियत  (उर्दू)

रंगभूमि (1925)

कायाकल्‍प (1926)

निर्मला (1927)

गबन (1931)

कर्मभूमि (1932)

गोदान (1936)

मंगलसूत्र प्रेमचंद का अधूरा उपन्‍यास है।

संग्राम (1923

कर्बला (1924)

प्रेम की वेदी (1933)

It is a beautiful picture of the Library of the Munshi Premchand which is located at his birthplace called, Lamhi village. The library has a collection of various photos of Shripat Rai, Amrit Rai, and Premchand, various medals, and books.

It is a clear picture of the collection of books in the library having photos of the Mehtay Rai on the walls. These books are written by the Premchand. This picture also has an amazing photo of the kite which was much liked and used by the Premchand.

This is the image of the library gate showing the picture of various stages of the Munshi Premchand as well as his great works.

This is the Munshi Premchand Smriti Dwar, an entering gate to the Lamhi village from the main road. Both sides of the gate have pictures of a cow, men, and written marks.

This is the picture taken to especially show the decoration of the gate, written marks, and culture of the time of Munshi Premchand.

This is the picture showing the decorations of the gate of the Lamhi village.

This is the main gate of the Memorial of the Munshi Premchand named Munshi Premchand Smarak, Lamhi.

This is the picture of the inside view of the memorial of the Munshi Premchand showing the photo of the Munshi Premchand in the middle of the memorial.

This is the image of the Munshi Premchand statue kept inside the memorial with the collection of various books.

This is the picture showing the collection of paintings of the Munshi Premchand kept inside his memorial.

This is the picture showing the novel posters written by Munshi Premchand and kept in his memorial.

This is the picture showing the books posters written by the Munshi Premchand and kept inside the memorial.

This is the picture of the paintings by Munshi Premchand demonstrating his novels stories.

This is the picture showing the photograph of the Munshi Premchand and his wife kept inside his memorial.

This is the picture showing the posters of his great writing “Namak Ka Daroga”.

This is the picture of the two storey house build by Munshi Premchand.

This is the close-up view of the home of Munshi Premchand.

This is the photo of birthplace of Munshi Premchand and his paternal living place.

This is the image showing the descendants of him with Adhyaksh, Sureshchandra Dube.

Scan Copy of His academic and professional documentsThis is the Intermediate certificate of the Munshi Premchand passed out from the “University of Allahabad” in 1916.This is the certificate of Munshi Premchand of Bachelor degree of Arts passed out from the “University of Allahabad” in 1919.

This is the Junior English Teachers Certificate of Munshi Premchand of Government Central College Allahabad.

This is the image showing the Niyukti Patra of the job of Munshi Premchand.

This is the picture showing the handwritten samples of his writings in many languages like Hindi, Urdu, and English.

This is the picture of his Urdu handwritten samples of his great writings collected in the library.

This is the picture of his Hindi handwritten samples of his great writings collected in the library.

This is the picture of his English handwritten samples of his great writings collected in the library.

This is the Entrance Certificate of Munshi Premchand from the University of Allahabad in 1899.

This is the picture showing his job details means the time of joining and his promotions.

This is the real map of the home of the Munshi Premchand collected in his library.

This is the picture showing the graphical representation of the descendants of the Munshi Premchand.

Related Information

Kabir Das

Tulsidas

Jaishankar Prasad

Ravidas

Hajari Prasad Dwivedi

Bhartendu Harishchandra

Q 1. What was the real name of Munshi Premchand?

Ans. Dhanpat Rai was his real name but he used Nawab Rai as his pen name which he further changed to Munshi Premchand.

Q 2. What are the best literary works of Premchand?

Ans. Godaan, Nirmala, Kafan, Pus ki Raat, Do bailo ki Katha, etc. are some of his best works.

Q 3. Which is the first novel written by Munshi Premchand?

Ans. His first major work was Seva Sadan that was published in the year 1919.

Q 4. How many books did Premchand write?

Ans. Premchand wrote more than 300 short stories, plays, many letters, translations, 14 novels, etc. Many of his plays and stories have been translated to various foreign languages posthumously.

Q 5. What was the first salary of Munshi Premchand?

Ans. He started his job on 18 rupees which was further promoted to 20 rupees.

Q.6 What was a short note on Munshi Premchand?

Ans. Munshi Premchand was a well-known writer from India. He has never been anywhere outside India, which is different from many other writers. Premchand has written about 300 short stories, a few books, and many essays, letters, plays, and other types of writing.

Q.7 Which is the best work of Premchand?

Ans. Godaan (The Gift of a Cow, 1936), was Premchand’s last finished novel and is usually thought to be his best and one of the best Hindi novels.

Q.8 What was the struggle of Munshi Premchand?

Ans. Premchand struggled to make money his whole life. He once borrowed two and a half rupees so he could buy some clothes. It took him three years of hard work to pay it back.

Q.9 What are the famous works of Munshi Premchand?

Ans. Some of Premchand’s famous works are Premashram, Rangabhumi, Ghaban, Karmabhumi, and Godan.

Q.10 Which is the most famous story of Munshi Premchand?

Ans. Godan is the most famous story of Munshi Premchand

Q.11 What is the moral of the story the child by Premchand?

Ans. The moral of the story “The Child” gives people a new sense of how they fit into society.

Q.12 What are the major themes in the work of Prem Chand?

Ans. His writings went beyond borders because he wrote about humor, romance, gender and social identity, and social inequality.

Q.13 What was the special contribution of Prem Chand?

Ans. Premchand was a pioneer in both Urdu and Hindi social fiction. He was one of the first writers to talk about the caste system and the hard lives of women and workers in the late 1880s.

Q.14 What was the prize of Munshi Premchand?

Ans. Premchand was never given a prize. But he had gotten a few honors. He was chosen to be the first President of the Progressive Writers’ Association, Lucknow.

Q.15 Was Munshi Premchand a poet too?

Ans. Munshi Premchand didn’t write poems, but he wrote a lot of short stories and novels and was a well-known and respected figure in Indian writing.

Q.16 Who was the inspiration of Premchand?

Ans. Gandhi influenced Premchand, and after the author went to a meeting in Gorakhpur where Gandhi asked people to quit their government jobs, the author quit his job as a Deputy Inspector of Schools in Allahabad.

Q.17 How many novels did Munshi Premchand wrote?

Ans. Munshi Premchand wrote about fourteen novels.

Q.18 What is the aim of literature by Premchand?

Ans. He used writing to bring attention to national and social problems. Like corruption, child widowhood, the colonial rule, prostitution, poverty, and Indian freedom struggle in his writings.

Q.19 What are the 5 books of Premchand?

Ans. The five famous books of Premchand are Godan, Gaban, Nirmala, Kafan, Karmbhumi.

Padwa 2016 would be celebrated by the people on 31st of November, at Monday.

Padwa 2015 Padwa 2015 was celebrated by the people on 12th of November, at Thursday.

Padwa 2014

Padwa 2014 was celebrated by the people on 24th of October, at Friday.

Padwa – Bali Pratipada – Govardhan Puja

Padwa is celebrated on the 4^th days of Diwali. It is also known as the New Year or Varsapratipada. This festival is celebrated every year very happily and energetically by the people.

History of Padwa/Bali Pratipada/Govardhan Puja

It is commemorated as a New Year day on the 1^st day of the month of Chaitra in the Maharashtra. This festival indicates the start of spring season. This festival is the great symbol for newly married couple in the Varanasi for their great love and affection.

Govardhan Puja is also celebrated on this day at some places of India. There is a big history behind celebrating the Govardhan Puja by the people in India. It is considered that the Lord Krishna had lifted the mountain Govardhan on his little finger to save the life of thousands of people of Gokul from the Lord of Heaven called Indra. Indra was throwing thunder as well as heavy rain on the earth of Gokul hence, people of Gokul were very upset since they have no space in the Gokul to stand up. That’s why Lord Krishna had lifted the large mountain on his little finger to save their life. At that time, the mountain Govardhan had worked as a big umbrella for them.

Significance of Padwa/Bali Pratipada/Govardhan Puja

People of the Mathura commemorate this day as an Annakoot or Mountain of food in order to get free from their all problems. They worship deity for getting protection and successful life. They provide milk bath to the deities and then dress up them with the shiny clothes and ornaments. They perform traditional puja by chanting the special mantras, arti, prayers and Bhog with the delicious sweets. They raise the Bhog sweet as a Mountain of Food and distribute among them as a prasad of it.